TL;DR – Chronic Fatigue: Understanding the Deeper Issues
Chronic fatigue is more than tiredness — it’s often a sign of deeper root causes like hormone imbalances, mitochondrial dysfunction, immune dysregulation, and nutrient deficiencies.
Genetics and environment both play roles — studies show that immune and mitochondrial gene variants, along with epigenetic changes, can predispose individuals to fatigue.
Functional medicine identifies the “why” — through comprehensive testing, we uncover hidden issues like viral infections, leaky gut, toxin exposure, and adrenal dysfunction to create customized treatment plans.
Red Light Therapy, nutrition, and lifestyle matter — therapies like infrared sauna, adaptogenic herbs, and gut healing protocols work together to naturally restore energy.
You can reclaim your vitality — with the right root-cause-focused support, chronic fatigue doesn’t have to define your life. Book a free consult at StrykerWellness.com to start your journey.
Chronic Fatigue: Understanding the Deeper Issues
Chronic fatigue that doesn’t improve with rest isn’t just about being overworked—it often signals deeper health issues. This persistent exhaustion can impact every area of life, from productivity and focus to relationships and overall well-being. Without addressing the root cause, many people find themselves stuck in a frustrating cycle of low energy, brain fog, and physical discomfort. Chronic fatigue can also lead to increased stress, anxiety, and depression, making it even harder to break free from exhaustion.
At Stryker Optimal Health and Wellness, we don’t believe in masking chronic fatigue with caffeine, stimulants, or temporary energy boosters. Instead, we take a functional medicine approach that focuses on identifying the underlying causes and developing personalized, long-term solutions to restore energy and vitality naturally. Our goal is to provide lasting results by addressing the root of the problem rather than simply alleviating symptoms.
Common Symptoms of Chronic Fatigue
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), also known as myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME), is a complex and debilitating condition characterized by profound exhaustion that doesn’t improve with sleep or rest. Conventional medicine often focuses on symptom management, relying on medications like stimulants or antidepressants, rather than addressing the deeper issues at play. Functional medicine, on the other hand, looks at the whole person, identifying root causes such as immune dysfunction, mitochondrial health, hormonal imbalances, oxidative stress, and nutrient deficiencies to restore proper function and energy production.
CFS is much more than just feeling tired. It is a complex, multi-system condition that presents a wide range of symptoms, including:
Persistent, unexplained fatigue lasting longer than six months
Unrefreshing sleep and difficulty staying asleep
Brain fog, memory problems, and difficulty concentrating
Muscle and joint pain, often without inflammation
Frequent sore throat or swollen lymph nodes
Increased sensitivity to light, sound, or temperature
Post-exertional malaise (PEM), a worsening of symptoms following physical or mental activity
Diagnostic Criteria for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has established diagnostic criteria for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, which include:
Severe fatigue lasting at least six months and significantly affecting daily activities
Post-exertional malaise (PEM), where symptoms worsen after physical or mental exertion
Unrefreshing sleep, despite adequate rest
Additionally, individuals must exhibit either cognitive impairment (brain fog, memory loss) or orthostatic intolerance (lightheadedness when standing).
Genetic Predisposition and Chronic Fatigue
Recent research suggests that genetics may play a significant role in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), influencing susceptibility and individual responses to environmental stressors. Studies have identified variations in specific genes related to immune function, mitochondrial efficiency, and inflammation regulation, all of which are critical to energy metabolism.
Genetic Markers and Immune System Dysfunction
One of the key findings in genetic research on CFS is the presence of altered immune system gene expression. A 2021 study published in Frontiers in Immunology found that individuals with CFS exhibited distinct genetic variations in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes, which play a role in immune regulation and inflammation control. These differences suggest that people with certain HLA gene variants may have a harder time recovering from infections, making them more vulnerable to chronic immune activation and subsequent fatigue.
Mitochondrial Gene Variants and Energy Production
Research has also focused on mitochondrial gene expression, as mitochondria are responsible for ATP (energy) production. A study in Nature Communications (2022) identified that CFS patients had reduced expression of genes related to oxidative phosphorylation, the process by which mitochondria generate energy. This finding supports the theory that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role in CFS, with genetic predisposition affecting how efficiently cells produce energy.
Inflammatory Pathways and Chronic Fatigue
Another area of genetic research has focused on inflammatory cytokine regulation. A 2020 study in The Journal of Translational Medicine found that individuals with CFS had genetic variations in TNF-alpha and IL-6 genes, which are involved in inflammatory and immune responses. These findings suggest that some people may be genetically predisposed to chronic, low-grade inflammation, which can contribute to fatigue, brain fog, and muscle pain.
Epigenetics: The Link Between Genetics and Environment
In addition to fixed genetic variations, epigenetic changes—which influence gene expression without altering DNA sequences—are being studied in relation to CFS. A groundbreaking 2023 study in Epigenomics revealed that DNA methylation patterns differed significantly in CFS patients, particularly in genes related to stress response, circadian rhythm, and immune regulation. These findings suggest that while genetics may increase susceptibility to CFS, environmental factors like infections, toxins, and stress can "switch on" or "silence" certain genes, exacerbating symptoms.
Implications for Treatment
Understanding genetic predisposition in CFS opens new doors for personalized medicine. Future treatments may target genetic pathways involved in immune modulation, mitochondrial repair, and inflammation reduction. Functional medicine practitioners already use genetic testing to identify vulnerabilities in patients with CFS, tailoring treatments that focus on immune support, mitochondrial restoration, and anti-inflammatory strategies to optimize energy production and recovery.
The Role of the Immune System in Chronic Fatigue
Chronic fatigue is often associated with immune dysregulation, which can make individuals more susceptible to infections, inflammation, and autoimmune conditions. The immune system plays a critical role in energy regulation, and when it is overactive or underactive, it can contribute to persistent fatigue.
One of the most common immune-related contributors to CFS is chronic viral infections, such as Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), Lyme disease, or chronic Candida overgrowth. These infections can remain dormant in the body, triggering an ongoing immune response that depletes energy levels. Inflammation caused by immune system dysfunction also contributes to mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress, and hormone imbalances, all of which are key drivers of fatigue.
Recent Research on Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Exciting developments in research are helping to shed light on the underlying mechanisms of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Recent studies have identified:
Mitochondrial dysfunction: Research suggests that individuals with CFS have impaired ATP (energy) production, making it difficult for their cells to generate adequate energy.
Gut microbiome imbalances: Studies have found that individuals with CFS often have an altered gut microbiome, which can contribute to inflammation and immune dysfunction.
Neuroinflammation: Brain scans of CFS patients reveal signs of chronic neuroinflammation, which may explain symptoms such as brain fog and cognitive difficulties.
Underlying Issues and Risk Factors for Chronic Fatigue
Rather than viewing fatigue as a standalone issue, functional medicine evaluates the key factors that disrupt energy production, immune function, and overall health. Some of the most common contributors to chronic fatigue include:
Viral infections and immune system dysfunction (EBV, Lyme disease, chronic Candida)
Hormonal imbalances and adrenal dysfunction (thyroid imbalances, cortisol dysregulation)
Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress (impaired ATP production)
Leaky gut, microbiome imbalances, and nutrient deficiencies
Environmental factors such as toxin exposure and mold illness
Chronic inflammation leading to immune dysregulation
Complementary Therapies for Chronic Fatigue
While functional medicine focuses on restoring balance at a biochemical level, complementary therapies can help support recovery and enhance energy levels. Some effective complementary treatments include:
Acupuncture: Helps reduce inflammation and regulate energy flow
Massage therapy: Supports circulation and relieves muscle tension
Mindfulness and meditation: Lowers stress hormones and improves nervous system regulation
Herbal medicine: Adaptogens like Rhodiola, ashwagandha, and ginseng can support adrenal function and stress resilience
Cortisol Manager by Integrative Therapeutics is a great option to consider.
Infrared sauna therapy: Helps detoxify the body and reduce oxidative stress
Red Light Therapy: Clinically proven to enhance cellular energy production by stimulating mitochondrial function, Red Light Therapy at Stryker Optimal Health and Wellness promotes deep tissue healing, reduces inflammation, improves circulation, and helps combat chronic fatigue at the cellular level. Regular sessions can accelerate recovery, improve sleep quality, and restore natural energy levels without stimulants.
Lifestyle Factors and Modifications for Restoring Energy
A holistic approach to treating chronic fatigue includes lifestyle modifications that support energy production, immune function, and overall well-being. These include:
Optimizing sleep with good sleep hygiene, magnesium, and melatonin
Balancing blood sugar by reducing processed carbs and emphasizing healthy fats and proteins
Reducing toxic exposure by using non-toxic cleaning products and filtering drinking water
Incorporating nutrient-dense foods rich in B vitamins, magnesium, and antioxidants
Practicing mindfulness and stress reduction through meditation and relaxation techniques
The Functional Medicine Approach: Targeting the Root Cause
Unlike conventional medicine, which often treats fatigue with stimulants or antidepressants, functional medicine focuses on identifying and addressing the root cause. The process involves:
Comprehensive diagnostic testing to evaluate nutrient deficiencies, hormone imbalances, and mitochondrial function
A personalized treatment plan to restore immune balance, detoxify the body, and support adrenal and thyroid health
A focus on gut health through healing the gut lining, balancing the microbiome, and optimizing digestion
Lifestyle modifications to promote sustained energy and prevent future relapses
Comprehensive Diagnostic Testing: Understanding the Whole Picture
Functional medicine begins with comprehensive diagnostic testing to identify what is causing chronic fatigue. This approach looks beyond general bloodwork, evaluating key biological functions, including:
✔ Nutrient Deficiencies: Deficiencies in vitamin B12, iron, magnesium, CoQ10, and vitamin D can impair energy metabolism, leading to fatigue. These nutrients are essential for mitochondrial function, red blood cell production, and nervous system support.
✔ Hormone Imbalances: Chronic fatigue often involves Hashimoto’s disease, adrenal fatigue (cortisol imbalances), and sex hormone imbalances (low testosterone, estrogen dominance). Hormones regulate metabolism, stress response, and overall energy levels.
✔ Mitochondrial Function: Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cells, generating ATP (energy). Functional medicine evaluates CoQ10 levels, oxidative stress markers, and NAD+ function to determine how well mitochondria are producing energy.
✔ Inflammation and Immune Dysfunction: Chronic inflammation can deplete energy levels and contribute to autoimmune conditions and immune dysregulation. Tests for C-reactive protein (CRP), cytokines, and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) antibodies help assess immune system health.
✔ Toxin and Heavy Metal Exposure: Chronic exposure to mercury, lead, pesticides, and mold mycotoxins can impair detoxification pathways and mitochondrial function, leading to chronic fatigue. Functional medicine tests for toxin load and liver function to identify potential environmental triggers.
By identifying these hidden imbalances, functional medicine practitioners create a personalized treatment plan that addresses the unique needs of each patient.
A Personalized Treatment Plan: Restoring Energy Naturally
Once the root causes of fatigue are identified, a customized plan is developed to restore immune balance, detoxify the body, and support adrenal and thyroid health.
🔹 Restoring Immune Balance: Many individuals with chronic fatigue experience immune dysregulation, often due to chronic infections (Epstein-Barr Virus, Lyme disease, Candida overgrowth) or autoimmune dysfunction. Functional medicine focuses on:
Immune-boosting nutrients: Vitamin C, zinc, selenium, and glutathione support immune regulation.
Antiviral and antimicrobial herbs: Olive leaf extract, monolaurin, and oregano oil help control infections.
Reducing inflammation: Omega-3 fatty acids, turmeric, and resveratrol lower chronic inflammation.
🔹 Detoxification and Liver Support: When toxins accumulate in the body, fatigue, brain fog, and inflammation can worsen. Supporting detoxification includes:
Liver-supporting foods: Cruciferous vegetables (broccoli, kale, Brussels sprouts), garlic, and beets aid detox pathways.
Infrared sauna therapy and dry brushing: Help eliminate toxins through the skin.
Glutathione and activated charcoal: Bind to toxins and support detoxification.
🔹 Adrenal and Thyroid Health: The adrenal glands regulate stress hormones like cortisol, and the thyroid gland controls metabolism and energy levels. Functional medicine restores balance by:
Adaptogenic herbs: Rhodiola, ashwagandha, and holy basil support adrenal function.
Thyroid-supportive nutrients: Selenium, iodine, and tyrosine optimize thyroid hormone production.
Lifestyle modifications: Stress reduction techniques like meditation, breathwork, and gentle movement help regulate cortisol.
By addressing hormonal imbalances, functional medicine restores natural energy production without relying on stimulants or medications.
A Focus on Gut Health: Healing the Root of Inflammation
The gut plays a crucial role in energy production, immune function, and inflammation regulation. Many individuals with chronic fatigue suffer from leaky gut syndrome, dysbiosis (imbalance of gut bacteria), or food sensitivities, all of which can contribute to systemic inflammation and low energy levels.
🔹 Healing the Gut Lining: A damaged gut lining allows toxins and undigested food particles to enter the bloodstream, triggering an immune response that leads to fatigue. Functional medicine supports gut repair with:
L-glutamine and collagen: Help rebuild the intestinal lining.
Bone broth and aloe vera: Soothe gut inflammation.
🔹 Rebalancing the Microbiome: An imbalance of gut bacteria (too much harmful bacteria or yeast overgrowth) can lead to bloating, brain fog, and fatigue. Functional medicine restores gut health by:
Probiotics and fermented foods: Support beneficial bacteria growth.
Prebiotic fiber (asparagus, garlic, onions): Feeds good bacteria.
🔹 Eliminating Trigger Foods: Some foods contribute to gut inflammation and fatigue, including:
Gluten, dairy, and processed foods: Can trigger immune reactions in sensitive individuals.
Refined sugars and artificial additives: Disrupt the gut microbiome and blood sugar balance.
By optimizing gut health, functional medicine helps restore nutrient absorption, reduce inflammation, and improve energy metabolism.
Lifestyle Modifications: The Foundation for Sustained Energy
Sustainable energy isn’t just about supplements and diet—it requires long-term lifestyle modifications that optimize sleep, stress management, and daily movement.
🔹 Optimizing Sleep for Energy Restoration: Poor sleep is a major contributor to chronic fatigue. Functional medicine supports deep, restorative sleep by:
Regulating circadian rhythm: Reducing screen time before bed and maintaining a consistent sleep schedule.
Using magnesium, L-theanine, or melatonin: Supports relaxation and sleep quality.
Creating a sleep-friendly environment: Using blackout curtains and limiting blue light exposure.
🔹 Balancing Physical Activity: High-intensity exercise can often worsen fatigue, especially for individuals with post-exertional malaise (PEM). Instead, functional medicine recommends:
Gentle movement: Walking, stretching, or tai chi to improve circulation.
Restorative yoga and breathwork: Reduces stress and supports nervous system balance.
🔹 Reducing Stress and Supporting Mental Well-Being: Chronic stress depletes adrenal function and contributes to fatigue. Functional medicine helps manage stress through:
Meditation and mindfulness: Lowers cortisol and reduces mental fatigue.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Helps reframe stress triggers.
Adaptogenic herbs: Support adrenal resilience and emotional well-being.
🔹 Balancing Blood Sugar and Nutrition: Frequent energy crashes are often linked to blood sugar imbalances. Functional medicine supports stable energy levels by:
Eating protein-rich breakfasts to prevent mid-morning crashes.
Including healthy fats and fiber to slow sugar absorption.
Avoiding processed foods and excess caffeine, which can disrupt blood sugar balance.
By incorporating lifestyle changes, functional medicine ensures long-term improvements in energy levels and overall well-being.
Regain Your Energy with a Functional Medicine Approach
Chronic fatigue doesn’t have to be your new normal. If you are struggling with persistent exhaustion, adrenal fatigue, or chronic fatigue syndrome, there are solutions that go beyond temporary symptom management.
A functional medicine approach can help you:
✔ Identify and correct nutrient deficiencies
✔ Optimize immune function and detox pathways
✔ Balance adrenal, thyroid, and mitochondrial health
✔ Heal gut inflammation and improve digestion
✔ Implement sustainable lifestyle changes for long-term energy
At Stryker Optimal Health and Wellness, we specialize in functional and integrative approaches in treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome. Our expert team develops personalized wellness plans using comprehensive diagnostic testing and evidence-based therapies.
Schedule a free consultation today at StrykerWellness.com and take the first step toward reclaiming your energy and restoring your health!
Disclaimer: Always consult with a qualified healthcare practitioner before starting any new health routine, supplement, medication, or treatment. Individual health needs vary, and professional guidance ensures safe, effective, and personalized care.
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Written By Sara Stryker, ARNP
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